The purpose of this education is to ensure physical, mental and sensory development of children and the acquisition of good habits, to prepare children for primary education, to create a common atmosphere of growth for those living in inconvenient circumstances and to ensure that Turkish is spoken correct and well. Pre-Primary education is an optional education for children between 3-5 years of age who are under the age of compulsory primary education. This includes Pre-Primary education, Primary education, Secondary education and Higher education institutions. Universities usually organize the academic year into two semesters, usually between October - January and between February/March - June/July.įormal education is the regular education of individuals in a certain age group and given in schools. There is a two week winter break between January - February. Schools are in session for five days a week (Monday to Friday) in a total of 35-40 hours. The school day usually have a morning and an afternoon session, but in overcrowded schools there is a split session. The academic calendar generally begins in mid-September and extends through to mid-June, with some variations between urban and rural areas. The central government is responsible for all educational expenses of the public, about 10% of the general budget is allocated for national education. In the provinces, educational affairs are organized by the Directorates of National Education appointed by the Minister, but working under the direction of the provincial governor. The Supreme Council of National Education discusses and decides on curricula and regulations prepared by the Ministry. The Ministry of National Education (MEB) runs educational administration of the country and is responsible for drawing up curricula, coordinating the work of official, private and voluntary organizations, designing and building schools, developing educational materials and so on. Since 2012, twelve years of education is compulsary for boys and girls, which can be divided into 4+4+4 years of schooling. Except in specially licensed and foreign institutions, Turkish must be taught as the mother tongue.
For example, civics education concepts can be explored as part of a history course, or a media studies course.According to the Constitution of the Republic of Turkey, every citizen has the right to education which is free of charge for the compulsory primary education. "This approach – subjects within learning areas – help students make connections across and within learning. MacGregor-Reid said history and social studies sat within the social sciences area of the New Zealand Curriculum, and equivalent learning sat within Tikanga ā-Iwi within Te Marautanga o Aotearoa. "At this stage there are no plans to make other learning areas or subjects compulsory." She said broad and foundational social science subjects such as history, geography and social studies were optional in Year 11, and senior students had the opportunity to specialise across social science subjects such as classical studies and psychology. This will help teachers and school leaders better balance learning across the breadth of the curriculum." "We are working to refresh the National Curriculum and make the curriculum and assessment resources easier to access and use.
"Literacy and numeracy are important but young people need a rich broad curriculum that is inclusive of both these learning areas," MacGregor-Reid said. "Those are skills young people need as they move into the workplace, into relationships, flatting and all sorts of ways of communicating and being in the world."įor her doctorate, Perreau interviewed 13 young social activists around the country and looked at the role of formal and non-formal education in bringing about change.
"Why there is politics and tension, how you can understand diversity and tolerance, working and living together in a society that does have quite major differences, but that those differences don't have to erupt into violent conflict.
"I'm concerned that it doesn't have the status that it should have, because it is incredibly essential to learning how to understand and function in society," Perreau said. Perreau said while the focus was on core subjects, social studies – which comes under the social sciences curriculum – taught students about being engaged and responsible citizens. "We are watching with concern, as social studies teachers, as a community, how schools are making decisions to reduce the number of lessons in a week or a fortnight that teachers have allocated to teaching social studies."